All of these are FUSE based except for eCryptfs.

Comparison: https://nuetzlich.net/gocryptfs/comparison

•  CryFS:
  • Works with cloud services like Dropbox, iCloud, OneDrive and others 
  • https://cryfs.org
  • https://github.com/cryfs/cryfs
  • https://revlis.nl/2016/11/25/cryfsr

• eCryptfs:
  • Build into Linux kernel  
  • http://ecryptfs.org
  • https://launchpad.net/ecryptfs/
  • http://revlis.nl/2012/03/12/ecryptfs

• EncFS:
  • Oldest (10 years)
  • https://github.com/vgough/encfs
  • http://revlis.nl/2016/11/25/encfs

• gocryptfs:
  • Personal favorite 
  • https://nuetzlich.net/gocryptfs
  • https://github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs
  • Windows: cppcryptfs (https://github.com/bailey27/cppcryptfs)

•  KnoxCrypt
  • Uses containers
  • https://github.com/benhj/knoxcrypt

• SecureFS:
  • https://github.com/netheril96/securefs

• Tahoe-LAFS:
  • Also a distributed file system (“decentralized cloud storage”) 
  • https://tahoe-lafs.org